{"id":35737,"date":"2012-04-10T15:28:39","date_gmt":"2012-04-10T07:28:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lanmaowang.com\/?p=35737"},"modified":"2015-04-01T15:12:56","modified_gmt":"2015-04-01T07:12:56","slug":"basics-of-standards","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.lanmaowang.com\/?p=35737","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8e\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6"},"content":{"rendered":"<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"firstRow\">\n<td width=\"8%\">\u56fd<\/p>\n<p>\u9645<\/p>\n<p>\u6807<\/p>\n<p>\u51c6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90%\">\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u6307\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ec4\u7ec7ISO\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u5de5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1aIEC\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5df2\u5217\u5165\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u9898\u5185\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u7d22\u5f15\u300b\u4e2d\u768427\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u516c\u8ba4\u5177\u6709\u56fd\u9645\u5148\u8fdb\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5176\u4ed627\u4e2a\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u8ba1\u91cf\u5c40(BIPM)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fd\u9645\u4eba\u9020\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5c40(BISFA)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7cae\u519c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u98df\u54c1\u6cd5\u5178\u201d\u8054\u5408\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(CAC)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u7a0e\u5408\u4f5c\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a(CCC)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u6c14\u8bbe\u5907\u5408\u683c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(CEE)(CEE\u5df2\u5e76\u4eba\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u5de5\u59d4\u5458\u4f1aIEC)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u7167\u660e\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(CIE)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fd\u9645\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u54a8\u8be2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(CCIR)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u65e0\u7ebf\u7535\u5e72\u6270\u7279\u522b\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(CISPR)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u7535\u62a5\u7535\u8bdd\u54a8\u8be2\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(CCITT)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u539f\u5b50\u80fd\u673a\u6784(IAEA)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fd\u9645\u6c11\u822a\u7ec4\u7ec7(ICAO)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u5c04\u7ebf\u5355\u4f4d\u4e0e\u91cf\u503c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(ICRU)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u5236\u916a\u4e1a\u8054\u5408\u4f1a(IDF)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u534f\u4f1a\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u5408\u4f1a(IFLA)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u5236\u51b7\u5b66\u4f1a(ILR)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fd\u9645\u52b3\u5de5\u7ec4\u7ec7(ILO)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u6d77\u4e8b\u7ec4\u7ec7(IMO)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fd\u9645\u6a44\u6984\u6cb9\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a(IOOC)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u5c04\u7ebf\u9632\u62a4\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a(ICRP)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u517d\u75ab\u9632\u6cbb\u5c40(OIE)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fd\u9645\u6cd5\u5236\u8ba1\u91cf\u7ec4\u7ec7(OIML)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u8461\u8404\u4e0e\u8461\u8404\u9152\u5c40(IWO)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u94c1\u8def\u8054\u5408\u4f1a(UIC)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u56fd\u9645\u822a\u7a7a\u8fd0\u8f93\u534f\u4f1a(IATA)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7(UNESC00)\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u536b\u751f\u7ec4\u7ec7(WHO)\uff1b&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u7ec4\u7ec7(WIPO)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ec4\u7ec7(ISO)<\/td>\n<td width=\"90%\">\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u5927\u7684\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u6027\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e13\u95e8\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4e2d\u5360\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u3002ISO\u5236\u5b9a\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u3002ISO\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6d3b\u52a8\u662f\u5236\u5b9a\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u534f\u8c03\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5404\u6210\u5458\u56fd\u548c\u6280\u672f\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u60c5\u62a5\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u9645\u6027\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u5173\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u65e5\u76ca\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0cISO\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e5f\u65e5\u8d8b\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9ISO\u4e5f\u8d8a\u52a0\u91cd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>ISO\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u548c\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\uff1a\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u5229\u4e8e\u56fd\u9645\u7269\u8d44\u4ea4\u6d41\u548c\u4e92\u52a9\uff0c\u5e76\u6269\u5927\u5728\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u56fd<br \/>\u5bb6<br \/>\u6807<br \/>\u51c6<\/td>\n<td width=\"90%\">\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u5168\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5404\u7ea7\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u56db\u7ea7\u6807\u51c6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u4e3b\u4f53\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5e74\u9650\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u4e94\u5e74\uff0c\u8fc7\u4e86\u5e74\u9650\u540e\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5c31\u8981\u88ab\u4fee\u8ba2\u6216\u91cd\u65b0\u5236\u5b9a\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u9700\u8981\u968f\u7740\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u65b0\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u8981\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u884c<br \/>\u4e1a<br \/>\u6807<br \/>\u51c6<\/td>\n<td width=\"90%\">\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u800c\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5168\u56fd\u67d0\u4e2a\u884c\u4e1a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6280\u672f\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u662f\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6027\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u516c\u5e03\u5b9e\u65bd\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u5373\u884c\u5e9f\u6b62\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u5730<br \/>\u65b9<br \/>\u6807<br \/>\u51c6<\/td>\n<td width=\"90%\">\u5730\u65b9\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u800c\u53c8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7701\u3001\u81ea\u6cbb\u533a\u3001\u76f4\u8f96\u5e02\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7edf\u4e00\u5de5\u4e1a\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u536b\u751f\u8981\u6c42\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5730\u65b9\u6807\u51c6\u5728\u672c\u884c\u653f\u533a\u57df\u5185\u9002\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u6807\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u76f8\u62b5\u89e6\u3002\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u516c\u5e03\u5b9e\u65bd\u540e\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u6807\u51c6\u5373\u884c\u5e9f\u6b62\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u4f01<br \/>\u4e1a<br \/>\u6807<br \/>\u51c6<\/td>\n<td 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width=\"8%\">\u5f3a<\/p>\n<p>\u5236<\/p>\n<p>\u6027<\/p>\n<p>\u6807<\/p>\n<p>\u51c6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td 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width=\"8%\">\u4e13<\/p>\n<p>\u4e1a<\/p>\n<p>\u6807<\/p>\n<p>\u51c6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td 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width=\"90%\">1.\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u9500\u552e\u3001\u8fdb\u53e3\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u8981\u6ca1\u6536\u4ea7\u54c1\u548c\u8fdd\u6cd5\u6240\u5f97\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7f5a\u6b3e\uff1b\u9020\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u540e\u679c\u6784\u6210\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\uff0c\u5bf9\u76f4\u63a5\u8d23\u4efb\u4eba\u5458\u8981\u4f9d\u6cd5\u8ffd\u7a76\u5176\u5211\u4e8b\u8d23\u4efb\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>2.\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d7\u4e88\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u8005\u884c\u4e1a\u6807\u51c6\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6807\u5fd7\u51fa\u5382\u9500\u552e\u7684\uff0c\u8d23\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u9500\u552e\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7f5a\u6b3e\uff1b\u60c5\u8282\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\uff0c\u64a4\u6d88\u5176\u8ba4\u8bc1\u8bc1\u4e66\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>3.\u4ea7\u54c1\u672a\u7ecf\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6216\u8005\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\u800c\u64c5\u81ea\u4f7f\u7528\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6807\u5fd7\u51fa\u5382\u9500\u552e\u7684\uff0c\u8d23\u4ee4\u505c\u6b62\u9500\u552e\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7f5a\u6b3e\uff1b<\/p>\n<p>4.\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u3001\u68c0\u9a8c\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u8fdd\u6cd5\u5931\u804c\u3001\u5f87\u79c1\u821e\u5f0a\u7684\uff0c\u7ed9\u4e88\u884c\u653f\u6210\u5206\uff1b\u6784\u6210\u72af\u7f6a\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u4f9d\u6cd5\u8ffd\u7a76\u5176\u5211\u4e8b\u8d23\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u6807\u51c6\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u6709\u6548\u671f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90%\">\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e4b\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u81f3\u6807\u51c6\u590d\u5ba1\u91cd\u65b0\u786e\u8ba4\u3001\u4fee\u8ba2\u6216\u5e9f\u6b62\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\uff1b\u53c8\u79f0\u6807\u9f84\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5404\u56fd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ee5ISO\u6807\u51c6\u6bcf5\u5e74\u590d\u5ba1\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6807\u9f84\u4e3a4.92\u5e74\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u7ba1\u7406\u529e\u6cd5\u4e2d\u89c4\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u5b9e\u65bd5\u5e74\u5185\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u5ba1\uff0c\u5373\u56fd\u5bb6\u6807\u51c6\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a5\u5e74\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u7f16\u5199<\/p>\n<p>\u6807\u51c6<\/p>\n<p>\u7684<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"90%\">1.\u7b26\u5408GB\/T 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width=\"90%\">\u5bf9\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u534f\u8c03\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4e8b\u9879\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4ece\u4e8b\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u5efa\u8bbe\u53ca\u5546\u54c1\u6d41\u901a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u540c\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4ece\u4e8b\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u5efa\u8bbe\u53ca\u5546\u54c1\u6d41\u901a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5171\u540c\u9075\u5b88\u7684\u6280\u672f\u4f9d\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6280\u672f\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6309\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u751f\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u6807\u51c6\u7b49\uff1b\u6309\u5176\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u96f6\u90e8\u4ef6\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u539f\u6750\u6599\u4e0e\u6bdb\u576f\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u5de5\u88c5\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u8bbe\u5907\u7ef4\u4fee\u4fdd\u517b\u6807\u51c6\u53ca\u68c0\u67e5\u6807\u51c6\u7b49\uff1b\u6309\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u4e0e\u63a8\u8350\u6027\u6807\u51c6\uff1b\u6309\u6807\u51c6\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u53c8\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u516c\u53f8\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u516c\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u79d1\u5ba4\u6807\u51c6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"8%\">\u4ea7<\/p>\n<p>\u54c1<\/p>\n<p>\u6807<\/p>\n<p>\u51c6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td 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